Researching Yiddish penny songs (tenement song broadsides of theater and variety show songs, 1895-1925)
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Sunday, March 29, 2026

Luft, luft, luft (Air, air, air) - one of Solomon Small's Yiddish parlor songs

I've published some videos recently of songs by Solomon Smulewitz (Solomon Small) that are found on the Library of Congress website. I was wondering what to call them: they weren't sold on the street, so they're not really penny songs. They weren't, as far as I know, sung in the Yiddish theater. I think what they are is the Yiddish equivalent of parlor songs. Smulewitz put them out in albums, probably for singing in the home.

The language is difficult. Since the songs are usually published without oysyes (probably for an audience which was losing its ability to read them), and the transliterations are inconsistent and not at all up to klal Yiddish standards, a lot of guessing is involved. I've discovered the language of this time and place (early 1900s, New York) enrages or disgusts today's Yiddishists with its Daytshmerisms and Yinglish. I think, though, there is a lot to be learned about the time and place by studying (or singing) these songs. There are dissertations by the dozens waiting to be written! Here's my living room recording from yesterday:



Solomon Smulewitz musical album
Luft, luft, luft was written for or about people simultaneously besotted with and terrified by "progress," especially as it included women gaining some rights, voicing opinions, and behaving other than the docile and fecund homemakers men seemed to long for. This is reflected in the trope of wild partying up on the roofs during summer heat waves. "Boarders" were unattached single men (or maybe they'd left their wives back in Europe, same difference) who were perhaps dallying with women regardless of age or marital status. Hence the "swollen" state of some of these women after the roof orgies.

Another trope is the consequence of "allrightniks" now wealthy enough to do as the goyim did and spend summers in the country or, more commonly, to send their wives to the country while they stayed in the city for work and/or relief from their wives. Evidently this arrangement led to dalliances in both locations.